Title: Introduction to Biology
1Introduction to Biology
2Introduction to Biology
- 0.1 Properties of living things
- 0.2 Scientific method
- 0.3 Kingdoms
- 0.4 Viruses
- 0.5 Requirements for life
3What is Science?
- Science is an organized method of using evidence
to propose explanations for events in the natural
world. - Science is both
- Process of gaining knowledge
- The resulting body of knowledge
4Careers Related to Science
- What are some careers that may require a
knowledge of science? - Botany study of plants
- Zoology study of animals
- Genetics how traits are passed from one
generation to the next - Anatomy the structures of living things
5Careers Related to Science
- What are some careers that may require a
knowledge of science? - Taxonomy how living things can be organized
- Ecology how living things interact with one
another and with their environments - Microbiology living things too small to be seen
with the unaided eye - Medicine diagnosing, treating, and preventing
disease
6B-0.2. Overview of Scientific Method
- The scientific method is what scientists use to
solve problems. - The five steps are
- State the Problem
- Hypothesis
- Experiment
- Gather Data
- Draw a Conclusion
7Experiments
- All experiments involve VARIABLES- which are
factors that can vary or change. - What is a controlled experiment? (p. 8)
- What is an independent variable?
- What is a dependent variable?
- What is the control group?
- What is the experimental group?
8GRAPHING DATA
- Independent variable goes on the X axis
- Dependent variable goes on the Y asis
Over time, height increases
9GRAPHING DATA
- What does this graph tell us?
Which is the dependent variable?
10GRAPHING DATA
- What does this graph tell us?
Which is the independent variable?
11ETHICS
- The study of standards for what is right and what
is wrong
12QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
- Qualitative?
- Deals with descriptions.
- Data can be observed but not measured.
- Colors, textures, smells, tastes, appearance,
beauty, etc. - Qualitative ? Quality
13QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
- Example 1 ? Oil Painting
- Qualitative data
- blue/green color, gold frame
- smells old and musty
- texture shows brush strokes of oil paint
- peaceful scene of the country
- masterful brush strokes
14QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
- Example 2 ? Latte
- Qualitative data
- robust aroma
- frothy appearance
- strong taste
- burgundy cup
15QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
- Example 3 ? Junior Class
- Qualitative data
- friendly demeanors
- civic minded
- environmentalists
- positive school spirit
16QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
- Quantitative ?
- Deals with numbers.
- Data which can be measured.
- Length, height, area, volume, weight, speed,
time, temperature, humidity, sound levels, cost,
members, ages, etc. - Quantitative ? Quantity
17QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
- Example 1 ? Oil Painting
- Quantitative data
- picture is 10" by 14"
- with frame 14" by 18"
- weighs 8.5 pounds
- surface area of painting is 140 sq. in.
- cost 300
18QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
- Example 2 ? Latte
- Quantitative data
- 12 ounces of latte
- serving temperature 150º F.
- serving cup 7 inches in height
- cost 4.95
19QUALITATIVE OR QUANTATIVE
- Example 3 ? Junior Class
- Quantitative data
- 672 students
- 394 girls, 278 boys
- 68 on honor roll
- 150 students applied biology
20B-0.1. Properties of living Things
- All living things have ALL of these
characteristics - All living things are MADE OF CELLS
- All living things RESPOND
- All living things ADAPT
- All living things REPRODUCE
- All living things GROW and DEVELOP
21B-0.3. Kingdoms
- There are Six Kingdoms of Living things.
- Kingdom Eubacteria
- Kingdom Archaebacteria
- Kingdom Protista
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Plantae
- autotrophs (make their own food by
photosynthesis) - Kingdom Animalia
- heterotrophs (must eat food)
22Divisions of Classification
- There are Seven Divisions of Classification
(general to most specific) - Kingdom (most inclusive)
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species (most exclusive)
23B-0.4. Viruses
- Viruses are subcellular.
- They are not alive, but have the ability to take
over a living cell and control it. - When this occurs, the original cell can be
damaged or destroyed.
24B-0.5. Requirements for life
- All living things have specific needs for
maintaining life. - What are some things that you MUST have to live?
- What is the difference in something we need vs.
we want? - We will study these in depth throughout the
course.
25Review Introduction to Biology
- 0.1 Properties of living things
- 0.2 Scientific method
- 0.3 Kingdoms
- 0.4 Viruses
- 0.5 Requirements for life