Synthetic Fibers | Man-Made Fabrics

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Synthetic Fibers / Man-made Fabric
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What are Synthetic Fibers?

• Textile fibers are generally of two types
• 1.Natural fibers Obtained from animal or plant
  products
• 2.Synthetic fibers Obtained from chemicals
• Synthetic fibers are man-made fibers synthesized
  from polymers entirely in a chemical plant. These
  polymers are derived from by-products of
  petroleum or natural gas. Some synthetic polymers
  are also obtained from natural polymers they are
  termed as regenerated fibers. These natural
  polymers undergo chemical processing to obtain
  the end fibers so they are included in the
  synthetic fibers group. E.g. Rayon
• Synthetic fibers are omnipresent. They are put to
  a wide variety of consumer and industrial use.
  Apparel, home furnishings like upholstery,
  carpets, drapes industrial parts like cords,
  drive belts medical supplies and lots more.

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How Synthetic Fibers are Made?
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Polyester

• Polyester is composed of 85 weight of a
  polymeric ester of substituted aromatic
  carboxylic acid. It is a highly versatile fiber
  with excellent qualities of abrasion resistance,
  water repulsion, and quick drying. It has a low
  raw material and production cost so it is very
  popularly used in items of clothing, home
  furnishings and as reinforcement in wires, belts,
  and hoses.

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Rayon

• Rayon is a synthetic fiber obtained by chemical
  processing of regenerated cellulose. It is
  commonly sold as Artificial Silk. Apparels,
  furnishings, sanitary products, diapers, medical
  supplies are routine areas of rayon use. Rayon is
  expensive and has poor abrasion resistance
  compared to other synthetic fibers. 30 of its
  strength is lost when wet.

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Acrylics

• Acrylic is a light and strong fiber with an
  uneven surface. Acrylic is produced by addition
  polymerization. 85 of its weight comprises of
  acrylonitrile or vinyl cyanide. It does not
  absorb water. It provides the warmth and softness
  of wool and so is commonly used in winter
  products like blankets and sweaters.

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Nylon

• Nylon is made of polyamide. It is highly durable
  and strong. It has resistance to bacteria,
  mildew, abrasion, and wrinkles. It does not
  absorb water readily and dries quickly. So it is
  incorporated in fabrics for carpets, swimwear,
  and athletic wear. It absorbs oil and grease and
  is not airy so it can be uncomfortable to wear
  in regular items of clothing.

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Polyethylene

• Polyethylene is the product obtained by ester
  bond formation between terephthalic acid and
  ethylene glycol. It is 10 times stronger than
  steel. It has superior abrasion resistance. It
  repels soil, dirt, chemical, and water and it has
  the special ability to float in water. So it is
  used in areas of high wear and tear like
  police-military clothing, helmets, fishing cords,
  gloves, and other safety apparel.

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